Sumac tannins scientific details
Tannin extracted from sumac – tannic acid extracted from sumac
Introduction to the world of vegetable tannins:
The term tannin is widely applied to a complex large biomolecules of polyphenolic nature having sufficient hydroxyls and other suitable groups such as carboxyls to form strong complexes with various macromolecules.
They are commonly found in both gymnosperms and angiosperms and are categorized as condensed and hydrolyzable tannins.
The hydrolyzable tannins contain glucose or other polyhydric alcohols esterified with gallic acid (gallotannins) or hexahydroxydiphenic acid (ellagitannins).
Depending on the esterification, hydrolyzable tannins are subdivided into gallotannins and ellagitannin.
Acid hydrolysis of hydrolyzable tannins helps to get gallic acid, ellagic acid or other similar species.
On the other hand, condensed tannins are composed of flavolans or polymers of flavan-3-ols (catechins) and/or flavan 3:4-diols (leucoanthocyanidins).
Compare to the hydrolyzable tannins, condensed tannins have a wide range of molecular weight ranging from 500 to over 20,000, and have the ability to react with aldehydes to generate polymeric materials.
The tannins are widely distributed in many species of plants. Plant species that contain higher amount of condensed tannins are wattle, quebracho, mangrove and hemlock, whereas Sumac, chestnut and myrobolan species contain higher amount of hydrolyzable tannins.
4.95
Client Reviews
Gallotannins are the most present tannins in sumac.
Gallotannins are the so-called hydrolysable tannins (together with ellagitannins), consisting of in the central part by a D-glucose nucleus, whose hydroxyl groups are totally o partially esterased with phenolic acids. They are called hydrolysable as they have the property of hydrolyzing, in an acidic or slightly basic environment, and releasing sugar and phenolic acids.
‘Rhus coriaria‘ – (Tanner’s sumac), ‘Rhus cotinus’ – (Wig Tree), ‘Coriaria myrtifolica’ – (Tanner’s bush) and ‘Rhus glabra’ – (American sumac, also called white sumac), which ali belong to the group of Sumac (Anacardiaceae) plants and which have a high tannin content. One popular Sumac plant in Germany is the tanner’s sumac (‘Essigbaum’ or staghorn sumac) tree, which is poisonous and does not contain usable tannin. The manufacturing of the extract is done by a macerating process, whereby the dried leaves are pulverized.
The aim of REDESS SRL was to isolate and purify the tannin from the SEEDS of our Sumac (Rhus coriaria), and then detect the antioxidant characterization. The results of phytochemical analysis of the sumac seeds extract showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, Terpenoids, glycosides and tannins in the ethanolic extract.
In addition to the seeds, tannins can also be extracted and purified from
SUMAC LEAVES
SUMAC STEMS-WOODY PART.
Founder of tanning industry, sumac leaves contains as an average 26-28% tannin stuffs.